Brick for furnace construction.



A. COTTON.

BRICK FOR FUBNAGE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1,1908.

907,683. Patented Dec. 22, 1908.

x W l WITNESSES ALFRED COTTON, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

' BRZCK FOR FURNACE GONSTBUCTIQN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 22, 1908.

Original application filed March 26, 1906, Serial No. 307,982. Divided and this application filed July 1, 1908. Serial No. 441,495.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED Co'r'roN, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and residing in Newark, State of New Jersey, have invented certainnewandusefullmprovementsinBricks for Furnace Construction, of which the following is a specification, reference b eing had therein to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of the inner face of a fire box wall showing my improved brick in position; Fig. 2 a transverse sectional view thereof on the line IIII of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a horizontal sectional view thereof on the line III-J11 of Fig. 2; l ig. 4 a perspective view of the brick; Fig. 5 a bottom plan view thereof; and Fig. 6 a transverse vertical sectional view on the lineVI-VI of Fig. 4.

In constructing smoke-consuming steam boiler furnaces it is or stomary in some forms of construction, to form fiues in 'the fire box walls and to place these fires in commrnication with the fire box by openings thror gh said walls. As ordinarily constricted the openings from the fires to the fire box are frequently choked with molten slag and cinders. The openings thror gh the walls are i s..ally formed by transverse channels in the bricl' s, and these channels so weaken the briefs that they are frequently broken during conveyance to the place of erection and dtring the operation of hi ild ing them into the furnace wall. Openings formed in this manner is"; ally discharge an unbroken jet of comparatively cold air, or air and steam, which does not mingle or combine readily with the combi stible gases and whose effect is therefore local.

It is the main object of this invention to rovide a fire brick for rec in building fire cox walls, so designed that the openings from the flues to the fire box will communicate with triangular pockets in the fire box wall, one wall of said pocket being horizontal and the said openings being formed at an angle to said horizontal wall, whereby the inflowing jets from the fines will strike said horizontal walls and be diverted thereby. By this construction the openings from the fines to the fire box will terminate within the fire box wall and will be protected by said wall from molten slag and cinders. it is, of course, to be rnderstood that while the brick is especially designed for use in frrnace wall construction it may be adapted for other uses.

Referring to the various parts by numerals, 1 designates the fire 'oox wall; 2 the usual flue formed therein for supplying steam and air to the fire box aboz'e the grate; and 3 the brick by means of which the openings from the fine to the fire box are formed. These bricks are of peculiar shape and are shown in detail in Figs. 4, 5 and 6. They are double the height and thickness of the ordinary fire brick and are undercut at each end to form the inclined faces 4. The upper edges of these faces terminate on inclined lines 5 which meet at a point 6 midway between the ends of the brick at the lower edge thereof. The upper ends of the lines 5 intersect the ends of the brick at a point slightly below the upper surface of the brick, as shown clearly in Fig. 1. The face 7 of the brick is 'ertical, except, of course, where it is undercut to form the inclined faces 4; and the outer face, that is, that face which is not exposed to the fire, is downwardly and outwardly inclined, as at 8, as shown clearly in Fig. 2, except the narrow "vertical portion 9 at the lower edge of the brick. In each end of the brick is formed a groo'xe 10 which is at an angle to the horizontal lower surface of the brick and inclines from the rear side of the brick downwardly and inwardly toward the front or fire box face thereof. W'hen these bricks are arranged end to end the groozes in the adjoining ends of two bricks form downwardly and inwardly inclined cylindrical passages through which air and steam may pass from the lines into the fire box. These passages open into the annular caz'ities 11 formed by the undercut portions of adjoining bricks and the course of common or standard brick below the undercut bricks; and the inflowi'ng jets of air and steam are directed against the bottoms of these cavities formed, in the arrangement shown, by the standard bricks, and are thereby heated and deflected into the fire box in a thin divergent (or fan-shaped) sheet. The air being very effectix'ely spread, will be thoroughly mixed with the combustible gases; and being heated, will promote active combustion. The bricks are substantially rectangular in transverse section at a point midway between their ends and are approximately right angle triangles at their ends, as shown in Fig. 4. The two undercut faces are oblique to the vertical plane of the brick and are also oblique to the horizontal plane of the brick. When these bricks are arranged end to end in the fire wall, between ordinary horizontal courses of common or standard bricks, they form cavities having triangular horizontal bottoms and in free communication with the the box through triangular openings, the apex of the opening being directly ox'er the middle of the forward or fire box edge of the triangular bottom and the upper or inclined sides, of the cavity being formed by the undercut oblique faces of two adjoining bricks. It will be obsery'ed that the brick may be in'.'erted in some cases so that the horizontal face will be the top of the triangular cavity. The air-jets will then be directed upwardly instead of downwardly as above described; but without altering the general principle.

It will be noted that in building a fire wall of my peculiar form of brick the outlet ends of the passages formed by the grooves 10 are within the fire box wall, and that they open into the angular recesses formed in said wall. The bottom of these recesses are horizontal. The brick is not easily broken as its cross sectional area is greatest at the middle of its length. It will be readily understood that a brick of this peculiar construction may be used in ventilating walls, and for various other purposes.

This application is a division of my application filed March 26th, 1906, Serial No. 307,982, for steam boiler furnaces.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A brick for wall construction having one longitudinal vertical face, portions of said longitudinal face being cut away at opposite ends of said longitudinal vertical face and on the same edge thereof to form inclined faces, and the brick being provided at each of its ends with a groove, whereby when two bricks are arranged end to end the cut away portions form a cavity and the grooves form a passage opening into said cavity.

2. A brick for wall construction formed with a vertical fiat face, two horizontal faces, and two inclined faces, said inclined faces meeting at the middle of one longitudinal edge of the vertical flat face and being oblique to the vertical and horizontal planes of the brick and at an angle to each other and extending from the ends of the brick to the middle thereof, the brick being provided at each of its ends with a passage, whereby when two bricks are arranged end to end the adjoining inclined faces of the bricks will form a triangular cavity, and the passages in the ends :of the bricks will open into said cavity.

3. A brick for wall construction formed with a vertical flat face, two horizontal faces, and two inclined faces, said inclined faces meeting at the middle of one longitudinal edge of the vertical fiat face and being oblique to the vertical and horizontal planes of the brick and at an angle to each other, and extending from the ends of the brick to the middle thereof, each brick being provided at each of its ends with an inclined groove, whereby when two bricks are arranged end to end the adjoining. inclined faces of the bricks will form a triangular cavity and the grooves will form passages through the brick and opening into said cavity.

4. A brick for wall construction having one longitudinal vertical face, portions of said longitudinal face being cut away at 0pposite ends of said longitudinal vertical face and on the same longitudinal edge thereof to form inclined faces, and the brick being provided at each of its ends with a passage, whereby when two bricks are arranged end to end the cut away portions form a cavity and the passage at the end of the brick opens into said cavity.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses this 24 day of June 1908.

ALFRED COTTON.

Witnesses:

GEO. O. ToTTEN, TYLER PARMLYE. 

